18学高中英语Unit1AlandofdiversitySectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading-Pre-reading教学案818011911.doc

1、。内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯Unit 1 A land of diversity Section Warming Up &；Reading -Pre-readingAmerican Indians are the native people in the United States. They belong to more than five hundred Indian tribes (部落). Many tribe members live on reservations. These are areas that the United States go

2、vernment set up for native tribes that had lost their lands to European settlers. Some reservations are larger than American states. The Bureau of Indian Affairs supervises these territories. Tribes on reservations have limited selfrule. Generally， American Indians do not enjoy the same economic and

3、 educational success as other Americans. They earn less money and have more unemployment than other Americans. They also have higher rates of disease and die younger than other American groups. However， the American Indian economy has grown at three times the national rate since the 1980s. Some of t

4、he improvement has come from expansion of the American Indian gambling industry. Many Indian tribes have legalized gambling on their reservations.Section_Warming Up & Reading Prereading原文呈现读文清障CALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the

5、distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrantslive on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.population n人口(数)distinction/dIstIk

6、n/n.差别；区分；卓著multicultural adj.多元文化的现在分词短语having attracted people .作结果状语。immigrant/ImIrnt/n.(从外国移入的)移民live on继续存在；继续生存when引导的时间状语从句。加利福尼亚第1段译文加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州，但它是人口最多的州。加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史时，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。NATIVE AMERICANSExactly when the firs

7、t people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely thatNative Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Straitin the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which

8、existed in prehistoric times.In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition， many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are

9、more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.it is likely that . “很可能”，该句型中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。Bering/berI/Strait/streIt/白令海峡Arctic/ktIk/adj.北极的；北极区的the Arctic北极by means of . 用办法；借助means/minz/n.手段；方法means单复数同形。prehistoric/prihIstrIk/adj.史前的which引导的定语从句，修饰“a land bridge”。suffer

10、 vi.受苦；受难 vt.遭受；蒙受in addition (to) 除之外，加之die from 死于过去分词短语brought by the Europeans作后置定语，修饰the diseases。survive vt.&vi.活下来，幸免现在分词短语 living in California作后置定语，修饰Native Americans。第2段译文洲土著人最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。然而，可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。科学家们认为这些迁居者是通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。欧

11、洲人在16世纪来到这里后，土著人遭受了极大的苦难，成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。此外，欧洲人带来了疾病，使许多人染病而死。不过，还是有一些人经历了这些恐怖时期而活下来了。今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and too

12、k their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California， the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.

13、In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA， Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. Th

14、at is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.when引导的定语从句，修饰 the early 16th century。what .是介词of的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作call的宾语，the United States作宾补。动词不定式短语to go to California 作后置定语，修饰the first Spanish。当名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或only修饰时，其后用to do作定语，不用doing。majority/mdrtI/n.大多数；大半

15、(常与the连用，构成the majority of .)ministry/mInIstrI/n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责Catholic/klIk/adj.天主教的 n天主教徒whose ministry . 是whose引导的定语从句，修饰religious men, whose在从句中作定语，修饰ministry。gain independence from 从获得独立declare war on 对宣战过去分词短语 won by the USA作后置定语，修饰the war。That is why . “那就是的原因”， why后跟结果。 That is because .“那是因为”，because后跟原因。第3段译文西班牙人在18世纪的时候，加利福尼亚是由西班牙统治的。西班牙士兵最早是在16世纪初期来到南美洲的，他们同土著人打仗，夺去了他们的土地。两个世纪以后，西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来，而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住居民传授天主教。1821年，墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立。加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。1846年美国向墨西哥宣战，美国赢得了战争的胜